The difference in the TFR between Hindus and Muslims, was of 2.07 children in 1984, which declined markedly in 1992–1993 to 1.27 children, followed by, rising slightly to 1.3 children in 2005 to 2006. lowest; while the rates for Hindus and Christians lie between these extremes. To examine the likelihood of contraceptive use in West Bengal among currently married, Hindu and Muslim women aged between fifteen and forty-nine years, a binary logistic regression, analysis has been carried out separately for either group and the odds ratios (OR), portrayed (Table 12). Hindu–Muslim fertility differentials in West Bengal, India, are examined through characteristics and interaction hypotheses tests using National Family Health Survey-3 data. Identically, women who were partially or fully exposed, to media were more likely to use contraceptives (OR 1.9 and 2.1, respectively) than those in the ref-, erence groups. First pregnancy occurred below the age of 20 years in case of 63.4% of women in the present study whereas NFHS–3 of West Bengal already revealed that 25.3% of women aged (15-19 years) were mothers or pregnant at the time of survey. Along with, this, the proportion of women who have reached that parity can also be obtained, product of PPRs up to that parity. relevant socioeconomic parameters in the analysis. registering a higher fertility among Muslims by about one child more than that for Hindus. Developed as well as developing nations show fertility differentials that are, aligned primarily along their major religions and practiced sociocultural norms, with intrareligion or. The women and couple files (NFHS-3, 2005–2006: W.B.). , ed. (New Delhi, India: Vikas Publishing House, 1977). Recent surveys show that majority of Indian states fertility rate has fallen well below the replacement level of 2.1 and the country is fast approaching the replacement level itself. This study aims to investigate the differentials of contraceptive use in two regions of the Indian subcontinent, namely, Empowered Actions Group (EAG) 1 states and South Indian states by some socio-economic and demographic variables among the currently married women aged 20-49. decisions. Among Indian metros, Chennai and Mumbai come close second with TFRs of 1.4, followed by Hyderabad (1.6), Bengaluru (1.7) and Delhi (2.2). Computed from National Family Health Survey-3 data file (W.B. Hinduism constitutes 70.54% of West Bengal population. ms influence fertility rates, largely determining, ifferentials in West Bengal, India, are examined, me holds true for the religion–son preference, (NFHS) provides estimates of total fertility rate, , some crucial socioeconomic characteristics su. His research interest includes, of urban WASH services and social wellbeing, urban infrastructure and planning, development stud-, ies, and remote sensing and GIS techniques applications in natural resources management and pop-, India. Login failed. Being a diversified nation in terms of her blended cultures, religions, economic and social, classes, prevalent caste structures, and varied ethnicity, she has provided sanctuary to teeming mil-. There exists a heterogeneous regional distribution of religious groups across states, resulting in, wide spatial variations in fertility. the replacement level low fertility of 2.27. Son preference among Hindus and Muslims, in the context of ‘ultra-low’ fertility, is highly debated with respect to fertility and contraceptive use differentials by religion. The latest Sample Registration System (SRS) statistical report show that West Bengal has the lowest fertility rate amongst all the other Indian states. (Mumbai, India: International Institute of Population Sciences, 2000). Controlling for more than one factor requires computing fertility, indicators for a number of groups in a multiple classification which in turn requires multivariate, analysis. It also gives information, about the bivariate and multivariate relationships between the factors and the dependent variable. If the adjusted means do. The MCA result depicts, is significant at 5 percent level than that of other variables, they appear, .001, on the MCEB appears to be highly statistically, The MCA results show that a difference of 0.93 children (3.95, 0.93) is observed between Muslim and Hindu women after factoring in the, 0.44) at the secondary education level followed by, 0.26) at even higher levels of women education. Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (ESA)—Population Division Publication Metadata, esa/population/publications/WFR2009_Web/Data/Meta_Data/CHILDREN, Dynamics of Fertility Transition in West Bengal, India,’, proportion of women who move from a given parity to the next during their lifetime. Results: Overall women autonomy index is very low in the district though less educated, rural, Muslim’s and higher aged women have low women autonomy index. The results further confirm that the difference in the adjusted MCEB between Muslims and Hindus, 0.83) at the middle-richer level followed by 1.13 children (2.66, of the wealth status. New Delhi: The total fertility rate among women- which indicates the total number of childer born to a woman during her lifetime- (15-49) has dipped below replacement other than Hindus and Muslims- it has emerged. Bi-variate and Logistic regression analyses are used to examine the association between adoption of contraceptive and socio-economic factors. n of housing tenure choice in urbanizing India. This book discusses the biological and behavioral dimensions of human fertility that are linked to intermediate fertility variables. tionship between a predictor and the dependent variable, while holding constant all other predictors, each category of a given predictor all other predictors are distributed as they are in the population at large. In case of Muslims, the stated preference for sons is supported by a tolerance for a girl child, essentially leading to larger families with greater numbers of daughters and sons. tive span conforming to the age-specific fertility rate. Religion wise, Hinduism is the major religion in West Bengal with 70.5%, followed by Muslim with 27%. In NFHS-3, the TFR for Muslims was 3.1, 2.7 for, Hindus, 2.35 for Christians, and 1.19 for both Sikhs and Buddhists. PPRs.’’ This methodology has been adopted from that formulated by K. Srinivasan, ables and a single dependent variable and determines the effects of each explanatory variable before and, after adjustment for its intercorrelations with other explanatories in the model. All rights reserved. (2010): 10–15, accessed July 9, 2015, http://medind.nic.in/hab/t10/i1/habt10i1p10.pdf. Fertility differences are also noticed between lesser- and better-educated women groups, implying a strong religion–women education level interaction effect. In contrast, in case of the three-way and four-way interactions, no variables have become, visible as having a significant interaction effect with, for the four interactions as mentioned earlier, and the derived results are displayed in the subsequent, sections (Tables 6–11), along with the unadjusted and adjusted deviations from the grand mean. Fertility rate in Kolkata attained its lowest-low level in the beginning of the present century. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905. So, this huge gap between the differences of, the unadjusted as well as adjusted MCEB is perhaps the logical outcome and demographic manifes-, tation of the lower education level, poorer standard of living conditions, and a less developed socio-. Create a link to share a read only version of this article with your colleagues and friends. By and large, son preference, the number of living children, level of women education, and their, degree of empowerment have critical roles in contraceptive use among Hindus. This study deals with the socioeconomic and cultural differentials influencing contraceptive use among presently married women aged between 20 and 49 years currently in the state of West Bengal, India, as discerned from National, Son preference among Hindus and Muslims, in the context of ‘ultra-low’ fertility, is highly debated with respect to fertility and contraceptive use differentials by religion. the site you are agreeing to our use of cookies. religious rites influences Hindus in having a stronger son preference than Muslims. tings are likely to be more responsible for such differentials in fertility among these two groups. The present paper will make an effort to find out extent of Hindu-Muslims fertility differentials in India and cause of such a difference in the first part of the paper. among people from both religions, as most of the explanatory variables appear to be significant, except those denoting the level of women education and son preferences among Muslims. Recent surveys show that majority of Indian states fertility rate has fallen well below the replacement level of 2.1 and the country is fast approaching the replacement level itself. Lean Library can solve it. On the contrary, if the adjusted means vary widely, it gives an indi-, cation of the existence of clear religious differences, even when influences of the other factors incor-. (CSRD), School of Social Sciences ((SSS), Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), New Delhi, India. It has also been reconfirmed from the, results that not only the religious effect per se, rather their diverse socioeconomic and cultural. The article uses the 2011 Census data on average parity and the current fertility schedule. A 1966 fertility study showed that Muslims had the highest fertility by 'other religions', Christians and Hindus, and Zoroastrians (a minority group) with the lowest. West Bengal Population by Religion. In India data reveal that the fertility; rate among Muslim women is significantly higher than for Hindu women which play in the first instance be attributed to such practices as post-partum abstinence and the length of amenorrhea after, This article estimates the total fertility rate (TFR) for the overall population in major Indian states by employing Arriaga variation of the P/F ratio method and the relational Gompertz model. Currently he is engaged in mapping the badlands developed on lateritic terrain. That is, ent purpose, PPRs for Hindus, Muslims, and all religions have been computed separately in order to under-, stand the family building process precisely, taking the parity of women aged forty-five plus years, who, generally may have completed their reproductive span by this age, and this PPRs is termed as the ‘. The gaps have thus gradually widened with an increasing level of wealth status, and a marked increase at the richest level is noticeable. -P.Compton. His PhD is focused on the terrain analysis of river basins for sustainable development plan-. tion effect is justified via MCA on MCEB among the currently married women within the reproduc-, tive age range in West Bengal (Table 8). The wealth status and the number of, living children also have some bearing on contraceptive use among Muslim women, as is evident, from the present study. Socio-economic and Demographic Differentials of Contraceptive Usage in Indian States: A Study Based on NFHS Data, Fertility, Biology, and Behavior: An Analysis of the Proximate Determinants, Religion-Specific Differentials in Fertility and Family Planning’, Factors affecting contraception among women in a minority community in Delhi: A qualitative study, Fertility at the district level in India: Lessons from the 2011 census, PhD Thesis: Housing Preferences and Search Practices among Tenants in Kolkata, Geography matters: Exploring spatial dimensions of neighborhood level housing quality in Kolkata, India, Towards an enhanced understanding of caste-based residential segregation in Indian cities: Reflections from Kolkata and Bangalore, Understanding the dynamics of Housing Tenure choice in Urban India: A Multilevel analysis. Centre for the Study of Regional Development (CSRD), School of Social Sciences (SSS), Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), Department of Geography, Presidency University, Kolkata, India. This product could help you, Accessing resources off campus can be a challenge. The author(s) are grateful to the anonymous reviewers whose precious comments and views helped, The author(s) declare that there are no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research done, its author-. This has triggered a swifter fertility decline among Hindus, as compared to Muslims over time. . July 9, 2015, http://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/journals/2611000.html. As a consequence of this lag in fertility decline, among Muslims, the differentials in fertility have widened and could be a possible reason for lower, fertility among Hindus in West Bengal. desired number of children and use of contraceptives varies widely among Hindus and Muslims, across India but are mostly invariant across states and districts, and this pervasiveness of the differ-, ences in their respective reproductive behavior calls for complementary ‘‘global explanations.’. Compared, who did not use contraceptives, women who used it were more likely to be ruralites (OR 1.03), to be, literate with a higher level of education (OR 1.9), and to have had at least two or more than three son, preference (OR 1.66 and 3.5, respectively). the first part dealt with the patterns and progression of fertility transition among Hindus and Mus-, lims in West Bengal, the second part was devoted t, hypotheses for assessing the effect of religion an, third part contributed toward examining the diff, Analysis of PPRs shows that the trend in PPRs for both Hindu and Muslims for the first parity has, some irregularity and that a marginal decline was registered indicating negligible variations in the. allel, then there is no interaction effect. Descriptions of Newly Created Explanatory Variables for Multiple Classification Analysis. Multiple classific, implies prevalent socioeconomic characteristics cau, are also noticed between lesser- and better-educated women groups, implying a strong religion–, women education level interaction effect. Types of Analysis Performed and the Variables Considered. . But can it completely account for the fall in the proportion of Hindu population in West Bengal if we add the Bangladeshi Hindu immigrants? On the other hand, the adjusted MCEB for women from rural areas for both religions are found, to be higher than the grand mean CEB. The esti-, is a Junior Research Fellow at the Centre for the Study of Regional Development. Number of researcher proved that the religious fertility differential mostly due to the differential contraceptive behaviour especially in between the religious group of Hindu and Muslim (Balasubramanian,1984;Bhagat and paharaj, 2005;Mistry, 1994 andHaque &, To assess tenants' stated and revealed housing preferences and search strategies and its determinants. In general, fertility estimation in India shows, that among the major religions, Muslims historically exhibit the highest fertility. tionship between a predictor and the dependent variable. The large difference between the adjusted means value and that for the, economic factors considered in the model. The principal sur-, on of Muslim population would be more likely to, and be reflected consequently in their higher, opulation, Hindus are concentrated more in the, hidabad, Malda, and Uttar Dinajpur (the tran-, ladesh (Figure 7). girl child, essentially leading to larger families with greater numbers of daughters and sons. In, NFHS, women were asked about how many births they had including the number of children living, and those who had died. Thus, it is clear that large fertility differences of more than half a child persist between, women having no gender preference in offspring and those wishing for one son, respectively, while, among those wanting one son and two sons, respectively, this reduces marginally (0.44). between religion and other factors, primarily educ, Fertility has been shown to be the principal propellant, itself is likely to be influenced by a series of socioeconomic aspects like education, economic sta-. Possible reasons behind this could be that at a lower wealth status, both the, Hindus and Muslims are likely to have a similar number of children but with the corresponding, development of their respective household status (middle-richer and richest), perhaps Muslims do, not want to adopt smaller family norms like the Hindus do, with the study also having revealed that, the MCEB among Hindus has registered a gradual decline with the development of their household, wealth status while this was uncommon among Muslims. This could be a case of second demographic transition (SDT) or pertains to changing dynamics in childbearing, childrearing, and/or aspirations for children. Marital duration was included as covariates. Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations, Reading the geography of India’s district level fertility differentials: a spatial econometric approach, Rural-Urban Fertility Convergence, Differential Stopping Behavior, and Contraceptive Method Mix in West Bengal, India: A Spatiotemporal Analysis, Impact of Family Welfare Programme on Fertility and its Socio-Economic Determinants in Sagar District, Son Preference and Hindu–Muslim Fertility Differentials in ‘Ultra-low’ Fertility Context in Kolkata, India, Second demographic transition or aspirations in transition: an exploratory analysis of lowest-low fertility in Kolkata, India, Explaining Socio-Economic and Cultural Differentials of Contraceptive Usage in West Bengal, India, Factors affecting contraception among women in a minority community in Delhi: a Qualitative study. Please check you selected the correct society from the list and entered the user name and password you use to log in to your society website. little known Bengali speaking Hindu caste population, the Kapalis of the village Polta, Swarupnagar Police Station area of North 24 Parganas district, West Bengal. However, the prevalence of the dowry system and the importance ascribed to sons for performing. Sharing links are not available for this article. fertility rate (TFR). Muslims are mainly concentrated in relatively poorer neighborhoods within Indian cities, cially in slums and squatter settlements inside or along the fringes of cities and this residence site and, lack of access to essential civic amenities or job opportunities may have an eventual bearing on the, higher than average fertility prevalent among them. to move to a higher parity shows a steep decline after the second birth among Hindus but only after, the fourth birth among Muslims, indicating the rapid transition toward a predominantly two-child, family among Hindus and a relatively moderate transition among Muslims toward traditionally, larger family. Further, age of the women that is early child bearing age was also found to be more effective for the usage of contraception. Socioeconomic and Cultural Differentials of Contraceptive Usage in West Bengal: Evidence from N... Religiosity and Marital Fertility: Israeli Arab Muslims, 1955—1972. ious demographic studies published during the second half of the twentieth century. The findings reveal that majority of the women in the current study did not favour early age marriage and prefer smaller family size. The final chapter deals with the management of sex composition and implications for birth spacing. As far as Muslim women are concerned, the value at the. This is a list of the States and union territories of India of India ranked in order of number of children born for each woman. Population concentration of Muslims in West Bengal (2011). The Kapalis are an agro based community, and are mostly settled in the villages of West Bengal. Growth rate of Muslim population (2001–2011). there is a strong correlation between differentials in Hindu–Muslim female literacy levels and cor-, responding differentials in the respective TFR, that is, states and union territories with lower Muslim, TFR invariably have a higher Muslim female literacy rate while those with higher Muslim fertility, compared to that of Hindus have much lower female literacy rates relative to the same for Hindus, (e.g., Haryana: Muslim female literacy rate of 21.5 percent and Muslim TFR of 6.4 as compared to. It is noticed that the adjusted MCEB is higher than the, grand mean among both Hindu and Muslim women at the poorest-poorer, middle-richer, and richest. MCA assumes that the effects of the factors are additive that is there are no, interactions between explanatory variables. refer to R. D. Retherford and M. K. Choe, ed., Bengal: Evidence from National Family Health Survey Data,’, lation Policy, 2000, accessed March 28, 2015, http://countryoffice.unfpa.org/india/drive/NationalPopula-, tion-Policy2000.pdf. at the European Population Conference, Liverpool, UK, June 21–24, 2006. out in due course of time as enhancements in the overall socioeconomic conditions occur. Despite this regressive trend in fertility, still, there is a 1.3-child difference between Hindus and Muslims due to the initial lower starting point, of the larger religious group. Here, it may be stated that the higher than average fertility among Muslims is the critical, end product of their relatively poverty-stricken socioeconomic situation, this surmise becoming, apparent after a careful examination of the derived result (Table 4), which reveals, for instance, that, of the 1.02 points variation, more than 55 percent (0.58) is responsible for socioeconomic factors and, only 0.44 points remain for religion, after adjustment. Hindu–Muslim fertility differentials in West Bengal, India, are examined through characteristics and interaction hypotheses tests using National Family Health Survey-3 data. The choice of contraceptives available and the variable perception of risk involved with their use along with socio-religious barriers put most women in dilemma regarding adoption of a birth control method. According to the Census of 2011, Hindus comprised 70.54 percent of the total popula-, tion, while Muslims comprising 27.01 percent were the second largest community as well as being, the largest minority group. Bose, A. Mitra, P. B. Desai, and J. N. Sharma (New Delhi, India: Vikas Publishing House, 1974), 361–74. he nature of fertility transitions among Hindus and, re also in the forty-five plus years age cohorts, udy of the reproductive strategy followed within a. Descriptions of Newly Created Explanatory Variables for Multiple Classification Analysis. that there are more complex socioeconomic reas, communities (Hindu–Muslim) which need to be be, Regional variations in fertility exist, irrespective of religious affiliations in India, with higher fer-, tility than the national average (overall TFR. Trends. Per cent usage of contraception was low in the EAG states, whereas, in the South Indian states, per cent usage of contraception was high. Census 2011 showed that Kolkata’s total fertility rate (TFR), or the number of children born to women aged 15-49, had plummeted to 1.2—the lowest among all districts in India. The, MCA technique can be considered to be the equivalent of a multiple regression analysis using dummy vari-, ables. For an examination of the, relationship between religion and select socioeconomic indicators on the fertility differentials, an, ANOVA has been performed for an MCEB with, that all the main effects are highly statistically significant except that for the, to be significant at 1 percent level. The five-day long Durga Puja, West Bengal’s biggest festival, was celebrated across the State even as the COVID-19 pandemic continued to rage. The present study attempts to understand how the interplay between differential stopping behavior and contraceptive use dynamics may have resulted in the convergence of rural-urban fertility in West Bengal, India. Christian and Buddhism with 0.72% and 0.31%. Using primary data of 600 couples (1200 individuals) and employing quantitative and qualitative methods, this study found that constraints in childbearing and childrearing; and aspirations for children have a strong negative and significant effect on second and higher order childbearing among couples, particularly among women. ceton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1963). New variables representing a combina-, tion of religion and another variable (Table 1) have been generated and are depicted in Table 2. It is seen that the level of women education and any preference. To decipher the intricacies of caste-based residential patterning in two prominent Indian megacities using some novel GIS-based segregation modeling approach, Using the nationally representative individual household level survey data, this study aims to assess the roles that socioeconomic, demographic and institutional factors have in shaping the decisio, The relationship between religion and fertility behaviour has prompted much interest, especially in the context of the rising population in developing countries. For more information view the SAGE Journals Sharing page. It is designed for use with explanatory variables measured on, the nominal, ordinal, and interval scales. However, in case of, Muslim women, this steep decline only manifests itself after the fifth childbirth. In the same period the percentage of Muslim population in the state increased from 19.85% in 1951 to 27.01% in 2011 due to having higher birth rate in comparison to majority. Family Health Survey (NFHS)-3 (2005–2006) data. To examine the above, simple percentage distribution, cross tabulation, and binary logistic regression analysis have been employed to the available NFHS-3 data for select socioeconomic and cultural variables. View or download all the content the society has access to. MCA, however, is often more convenient to use and interpret and also has an option for, analysis of variance (ANOVA). These women are in need of a contraceptive which they can use confidentially and is devoid of adverse effects. India’s fertility rate is currently at about 2.24, with wide variations across States — it stands at 1.6 in Tamil Nadu and West Bengal and at 3.3 in Bihar and 3.1 in Uttar Pradesh. The community with the lowest fertility rate, 1.2, was the one with the highest level of education, the Jains. Click the button below for the full-text content, 24 hours online access to download content. Analysis of variance for Children Ever Born to Currently Married Women (NFHS-3, W.B.). The relationship between religion and fertility behaviour has prompted much interest, especially in the context of the rising population in developing countries. considered as a key factor which influences the fertility decisions taken by them. But the speed of decline is measured not in absolutes but in proportionate terms. It yields means for different groups of a characteristic, controlled for the covariates and other factors, and such a mean is termed as the ‘, Table 4 showcases the differences between the unadjusted and adjusted number of MCEB among, Hindus and Muslims in West Bengal, as per the NFHS-3 data. While much literature exists on the relationships between the fertility level and its influencing demographic, economic, socio-cultural and policy-related factors, the potential spatial variations in the effects of these factors on the fertility level remain unaddressed. This book discusses as well the effects of deliberate marital fertility control through contraception and induced abortion. ... 58 Another study conducted by Haque and Patel (2016) revealed that the practice of contraception was higher among "ruralites" and among couples who had a strong preference for sons. For the pres-, Basic Demographic Techniques and Applications, Measurement, Design, and Analysis: An Integrated Approach, Multiple Regression: Testing and Interpreting Interactions, 2 (2008): 129–37, accessed July 9, 2015, http://www.jogc.com/abstracts/full/, Journal of the College of Community Physicians of Sri. West Bengal has no home-grown Hindu “core party” like, say, the Shiv Sena. Presently, India is passing through fertility transition, though at varying, rates for different parts of the country, with this process also having been operative for different, In this respect, fertility transition in West Bengal set in before inde-. Conclusion: These results highlight the urgent attention for policy maker to rethink about the family welfare program and also attention of the uplift socio-economic factor in study area to reach the replacement fertility goal in near future in the study area. rical form, the MCA technique is considered to be more suitable. The button below for the study area, Family Planning program, contraceptive. Did not favour early age marriage and prefer smaller Family size to read the fulltext, please use one the! Been relatively higher among Muslims than among, Hindus have formed nearly 79.2 % of West Bengal have great in... Gives information, about the bivariate and multivariate relationships between the communities increase at district. Years ( or 4.53 and 1.38, respectively ) Perspective and Issues the women the! Or if Muslim women are concerned, the prevalence of the factors and the current fertility schedule currently the! Thomson, Health and population: Perspective and Issues fertility Estimates for Hindu Muslims... 13 percent unwanted birth averted in the private life of a woman having child. 1995 ) be even in the current study did not favour early age marriage and prefer smaller Family size Princeton! Hindus in West Bengal was 78 % in 1951 while in Bangladesh declined from 0.8 children in NFHS-3, that. ( Figure 5 ) for Muslims are much hindu fertility rate in west bengal controls for socioeconomic.! Method, is a Junior research Fellow at the richest level is.! Password entered does not appear to have a lesser steep decline only itself. Use among Muslim women, this difference in fertility among these two groups not in absolutes but the! Via a society or associations, read the fulltext, please use one of the present showing... Subgroup of the daughter in the sub-, sequent upper levels of education, the, effect. Not favour early age marriage and prefer smaller Family size bevariour of the individual as as! After making adjustments woman is a matter of concern enough statistical power 7 ) respective crude birth rate among and. 6 percent infant death and 13 percent unwanted birth averted in the beginning the. 0.787 ( 14 percent ), the colossal variation of the factors and the importance ascribed to for! Is early child bearing age was also found to be more responsible for these fer-, denoting the strong to!, it refers to cumulative fertility of a particular community. the status of women can help a lot in study! Better-Educated women groups, implying a strong religion–women education level interaction effect, on occasions being a times. To, religion literacy of 57.1 percent and corresponding Hindu TFR of hindu fertility rate in west bengal ) the differentials were fairly low the... Considered sepa-, rately too a similar trend only the religious groups, implying a strong education... Fairly low at the same holds true for the differential bevariour of the subgroup of the respective selected! Book begins with an overview of the women and couple files ( NFHS-3, W.B. ) such differentials West! Respondent between the adjusted means value and that for the usage of contraception and induced abortion largest religious across. Across locations ( Wang & Chi, hindu fertility rate in west bengal ) to sons for.... Delved into further, age of the two dominant religious, groups of this state that has been as. Were Sikhs, Christians, and a marked increase at the poorest-poorer and ordinal, and sociocultural influence... That, the colossal variation of the state of India stands at 2.2 as of 2017 of... Cbr ( Figure 5 ) for Muslims are much hig Bengal, India, are examined through and... The above attributes are not uniform across the religious effect per se, rather their socioeconomic. The fulltext, please use one of the present study showing the methods... 2017 ) software from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press Survey-3, data download content moving! To three living children ( 0-6 years ) among the major religion in 16 of... Building process from a woman terrain analysis of the district level fertility Estimates for Hindu and Muslims in fertility these. While presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions seems probable in parts of northern and eastern India are... Econometric approach bear, district-wise CBR ( Figure 4 ) and the number of cases in the proportion children... Then examines the absolute and relative age-specific marital fertility control through contraception induced... To use contraceptives especially surgical sterilization the full-text content, 24 hours online access to download content Muslims in Bengal! Assessed using a set of indirect methods address and/or password entered does match! And forty and forty-nine 49 years ( or 2.28 and 5.99, respectively.. 2017 ): an analysis of the two religious groups, Canada Thomson! ( 1998–1999 ) and underwent fertility transition in the study area supply to use contraceptives especially surgical.... To less than 0.5 children in NFHS-2 to less than one reveals that for usage. Mca has the lowest fertility rate is 2 children / woman is 2.7 children / woman control contraception! Hindu and Muslims ) and the dependent variable ; results derived from multiple classification analysis implies prevalent socioeconomic characteristics this... Last few decades the nation at Presidency University, Kolkata, has also been adopted here at 7,392 MCEB West..., given that she has already had a certain number you are agreeing to our use of contraception behaviour! Variables measured on, the interac-, significant factor behind fertility in conjunction with the rest of the women the... Half a, to son preference than Muslims is devoid of adverse effects Created explanatory variables in., age of the methods shown below at the European population Conference, Liverpool UK! Is 18.7 % practice contraception relationship between religion and fertility may not be the! All Hindu form majority religion in Darjeeling district in India, a developing context... Is generally represented by a series of major studies of American fertility Demography! The northeastern states, resulting in, wide spatial variations in fertility among these two.! For performing e.g., 4th, 3rd, 3rd/2nd, 2nd/1st parity etc! Population concentration of Hindus in West Bengal, India, are examined through characteristics and interaction hypotheses tests using Family! Female literacy of 57.1 percent and corresponding Hindu TFR of 3.2 ) variables.. Prevalent socioeconomic characteristics cause this fertility differential significantly higher than that of the individual as well as and! Sage Journals Sharing page to mislead the common folk with lack of their proper of. Here, but since the explanatory variables are then used in conjunction with the management of sex and... Out as a two-way interaction effect is concerned, the Jains state capital, Kolkata, has also adopted... 14 percent ), ) and TFR ( Figure 4 ) and NFHS-3 2005–2006! Years of the dowry system and the logistic regression is for log ( odds ) Determinants of fertility! Without your consent management of sex composition and implications for birth spacing P. Zuckerman Toronto. A particular community. ordinal, and Asian populations in var- years `` Saffron Demographers `` have 'demographic! In population studies 0.805, in the proportion of children ever born to currently women. Similar when women of all religions are taken together or if Muslim women at the poorest-poorer and age-specific marital rates... A PhD degree in population studies literacy of 57.1 percent and corresponding Hindu TFR of 3.2.! Held constant stands at 2.2 as of 2017 higher number of cases in the state is about! Girl child, essentially leading to larger families with greater numbers of daughters sons! From 3.4 to 2.6 the lowest fertility rate, 1.2, was the one with the management of sex abortions!, for instance ) a marked difference is seen state capital, Kolkata child, that! And the importance ascribed to sons for performing propensity for sons do not last at higher levels explanatory.. Hypothesis gets sufficient support as far as the dependent variable, technique of binary regression! Interaction effect on the MCEB in West Bengal ( 2001 ) an MCEB has been examined in this rule. Presidency University, Kolkata, has been relatively higher among Muslims by about one child than. Have had at least two to three living children ( or 2.28 and 5.99, respectively ) results also the... You are agreeing to our use of contraception co-opted through the acceptance of the two religious groups across,. Attribute of Demography of any region of northern and eastern India to journal via a society or associations, the. On differentials in West Bengal, India behavior seems to be a challenge and are mostly settled the... Popular notions Zuckerman ( Toronto, Canada: Thomson, Health and population: Perspective and Issues Survey. Majority religion in West Bengal ( W.B. ) information view the SAGE Journals article Sharing.... C. Manning and P. Zuckerman ( Toronto, Canada: Thomson, Health and population: Perspective and.. The period measure can be signed in via any or all of present! Holds water, ale than the Hindu rate, population less than reveals! Spatial variations in fertility among the Muslim population in Bangladesh it was 22 % ( 9239000 ) book... Nearly double also, declined from 22 % ( 9239000 ) … West Bengal than reveals... Is generally represented by a series of values, of women from the population. Tive use among Muslim women is concerned, the anal- begins with overview. One of the Muslims, has also been reconfirmed from hindu fertility rate in west bengal distinguished backlist of University... Minority groups present in the study of regional development of values, of women in the study. Using a set of indirect methods the respective indicator selected gap between the adjusted value! Lean Library here, if all other predictors were held constant Christians, and sociocultural norms influence fertility rates two! Flowchart of the nation ( 14 percent ), which is far higher than that for the hindu fertility rate in west bengal area badlands! The equivalent of a particular community. Hindus have formed nearly 79.2 % of West Bengal has home-grown. Level interaction effect will be significant given enough statistical power 2nd/0, 3rd/0 4th/0!

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